Từ nối hay Linking words IELTS Writing task 1 là một yếu tố quan trọng trong tiêu chí Coherence and Cohesion trong IELTS Writing Band Descriptors, quyết định bạn có đạt được 6.5+ IELTS Writing task 1 trở lên hay không. Hãy cùng IELTSMindX tìm hiểu và chinh phục linking words nha!
Mục lục
Linking words là gì?
Từ nối (linking words) là những từ/ cụm từ dùng để liên kết các từ, các cụm từ, hay các mệnh đề với nhau để tạo thành câu hoàn chỉnh. Ngoài ra, từ nối còn có tác dụng chuyển ý, so sánh, mô tả, làm nổi bật thông tin trong bài viết.
Tại sao cần linking words IELTS Writing task 1
Có 4 tiêu chí để chấm điểm bài IELTS Writing, đó là: ngữ pháp và cấu trúc câu, cách sử dụng từ vựng, Task Response, coherence and cohesion. Mỗi 1 tiêu chí chiếm 25% tổng điểm. Trong quá trình chữa bài, ôn luyện cùng học sinh, IELTS nhận ra rằng, dù từ vựng của các bạn rất tốt, ngữ pháp cũng rất ổn, nhưng lại thiếu đi sự kết nối, rành mạch từ câu này sang câu tiếp theo.
Đọc thêm: Từ vựng IELTS Writing task 1 cần thiết
Vậy việc dùng những từ nối trong IELTS Writing task 1 là để:
- Nâng điểm Coherence and Cohesion cho bài viết task 1
- Muốn đạt được từ band 6.5+ trở lên, bắt buộc bạn phải dùng thành thạo linking words trong bài viết của mình
- Chuyển đổi mô tả thông tin này, sang mô tả thông tin khác một cách mượt mà
- Dùng để so sánh, đối ngược các thông tin
- Làm nổi bật những thông tin quan trọng
Dùng từ nối linking words IELTS Writing task 1
Từ nối thể hiện sự tổng quát
- Overall, clause
- Generally, clause
- In general, clause
- In common, clause
- It is obvious / clear that … clause
- As can be seen, clause
- As an overall trend, clause
- At the first glance it is clear, clause
- At the onset, it is clear that, clause
- A glance at the graphs reveals that… clause
Từ nối thể hiện mối quan hệ tương phản, so sánh
- Clause, but Clause
- Although Clause, Clause. / Despite N, clause
- Sentence. However/ By contrast/ In contrast, Sentence
- Whereas/While
- On the other hand
- In comparison,…
- Meanwhile,…
- Alternatively,…
- Nevertheless,…
Ví dụ:
- Fish has long been a staple .food in many cultures, but there has been sonic controversy recently about the benefits and risks of consumption.
- Although the work was supported by grants from the Fisheries Scholarship Fund, this did not affect the research findings.
- In spite of the considerable amount of literature on the risks and benefits of fish consumption, there are still important gaps in this information. (not in spite of there is a considerable amount)
- I eat fish regularly for health reasons despite the fact that I don’t like it much.
Từ nối thể hiện quan hệ tương đồng
- Likewise, sentence
- Similarly, sentence
- Clause, and clause (also)
Từ nối thể hiện thứ tự hành động
| Mô tả bước đầu tiên | Firstly/ First of all/ The first step is that …/ At the first stage … |
| Mô tả bước thứ hai | Secondly |
| Mô tả các bước ở giữa | After that/ From this/ Where/ Following that/ Next,/ The following step is that… /The next step it that …/ Subsequently/ Before that/ In turn/ Then |
| Mô tả bước cuối cùng | Finally/ At the final step. |
Ví dụ:
- Firstly, in terms of heart disease, it has been shown that consuming even small quantities of fish can lower your risk of heart disease by 17%. Secondly, consuming fish is known to have a beneficial effect on brain development. Finally, …
- First the fruit is picked by hand. Then it is transported to the factory.
Từ nói để thêm thông tin
- In addition,
- Moreover,
- Furthermore,
- Besides,
- Apart from…,
- Also,
- Additionally
- Moreover,…
- Furthermore,…
- In addition,…
- Additionally,…
- Likewise,…
- On top of that,…
Ví dụ:
- Fish supplies as with substances that might protect against heart disease. Moreover, in many cultures fish is known as a ‘brain food’.
Từ nối thể hiện nguyên nhân, kết quả
- As a result,…
- As a consequence,…
- Consequently,…
- Accordingly,…
- Therefore,…
- On that account,…
- For that reason,…
- because, so, because of, due to, on account of, owing to
Ví dụ:
- I eat fish three times a week because it protects against heart disease. (reason)
- Fish protects against heart disease so I eat it three times a week. (result)
- As a result, people are ‘unsure whether to increase or decrease the amount of fish they eat.
- The match was cancelled because of the snow. (not because of it was snowing)
- The buses were all running late owing to the bad weather.
- The match was cancelled due to the fact that it was snowing.
Trên đây IELTSMindX đã giới thiệu những linking words IELTS Writing task 1. Hãy làm bài luyện tập dưới đây để kiểm tra xem kiến thức của mình về từ nối như nào nhe!
Bài luyện tập:
The table compares the amount people have to pay for their minimum daily water in five countries. It ……… shows the percentage of the average daily wage this represents in each place.
……, we can see that Tanzania and Uganda have the highest daily water costs …… the UK and US have the lowest. This means, …… , that Tanzanians pay ……. cents, …….Americans pay a mere ….. cents for the same amount of water. These differences are even greater when we consider the percentage of the average daily wage this cost represents. In ……. Tanzania and Uganda, the cost is significant, representing ….. and ……… In the UK and US,…….., the cost is only a tiny fraction of the daily wage at ……. and……. And, …….. the daily cost of water in Pakistan being similar to that in the UK, it represents as much as ……… of the daily wage.
……., the table shows that there are huge differences between the cost of water in the developing countries and the industrialised west.
Đáp án:
The table compares the amount people have to pay for their minimum daily water in five countries. It also shows the percentage of the average daily wage this represents in each place.
First of all, we can see that Tanzania and Uganda have the highest daily water costs while/whereas the UK and US have the lowest. This means, for instance, that Tanzanians pay 6.4 cents, whereas/while Americans pay a mere 0.85 cents for the same amount of water. These differences are even greater when we consider the percentage of the average daily wage this cost represents. In both Tanzania and Uganda, the cost is significant, representing 5.7% and 3.2% respectively. In the UK and US, however, the cost is only a tiny fraction of the daily wage at 0.013% and 0.006%. And, despite the daily cost of water in Pakistan being similar to that in the UK, it represents as much as 1.1% of the daily wage.
Overall, the table shows that there are huge differences between the cost of water in the developing countries and the industrialised west.